Factors Militating Against Girl-child Education
CHAPTER ONE
Objective of the Study
This research work is an attempt to investigate the factors militating against girl-child education: A case study of Kaduna North Local Government Area.
- How parents support for boy-child education affects girl-child educational opportunities.
- Major factors responsible for un-equal opportunity in girl-child education.
- How socio-cultural factor is used as a bases for un-equal opportunity in girl-child education.
- How religious factor is used as a bases for un-equal opportunity in girl-child education.
- How economic factors militate against girl-child education
- How historical factor militate against girl-child education
- The link between education and the girl-child in her home and the society
- How Nigerian educational policy affects the girl-child education
- The strategies that can be adopted to improve girl-child education.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
Our focus in this chapter is to critically examine relevant literature that would assist in explaining the research problem and furthermore recognize the efforts of scholars who had previously contributed immensely to similar research. The chapter intends to deepen the understanding of the study and close the perceived gaps.
Precisely, the chapter will be considered in three sub-headings:
- Conceptual Framework
- Theoretical Framework
- Empirical Review
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Education
According to some learned people, the word “Education” has been derived from the Latin term “Educatum” which means the act of teaching or training. A group of educationists say that it has come from another Latin word “Educare” which means “to bring up” or “to rise”. According to a few others, the word “Education” has originated from another Latin term “Educere” which means “to lead forth” or “to come out”. All these meanings indicate that education seeks to nourish the good qualities in man and draw out the best in every individual. Education seeks to develop the innate inner capacities of man. By educating an individual we attempt to give him some desirable knowledge, understanding, skills, interests, attitudes and critical ‘thinking. That is, he acquires knowledge of history, geography, arithmetic, languages and sciences. As an individual in the society, he has to think critically about various issues in life and take decisions about them being free from bias and prejudices, superstitions and blind beliefs. Thus, he has to learn all these qualities of head, hand and heart through the process of education.
Traditional and modern concept of education
In the context of this initiative, the terms Traditional and Modern Education are used to suggest teaching imparted by use of conventional methods and teaching imparted using modern technology respectively. There is a difference in the opinion of the people regarding the use of traditional teaching methods and modern teaching methods.
Traditional Classroom:
The teacher in a traditional classroom will try to explain the concept verbally and/or through the blackboard where she will diagrammatically explain how evaporation of water occurs. There were no technology, no multimedia. There was no freedom of speech.
Modern Classroom:
The term “Modern” is concerned it is “characteristic of present and recent time”. So the definition of “modern education” can be said as “the act or process of imparting the knowledge about our present world and society”. So education of recent time is good or bad depends upon the person’s perspective of taking things. See there are good things and bad things associated with everything.
The teacher in a modern classroom could choose from a wide variety of real life examples of evaporation such as boiling water for tea or clothes drying up in sun etc. and run a short video to take the students through the experience of evaporation.
Broadly speaking, the impact on students’ learning of these two methods can be categorized as follows
Cognitive development:
In the traditional learning method, the teacher communicates knowledge to students expecting it to be absorbed and assimilated by students as it is. This usually leads to rote learning without real understanding of the topics. Using modern teaching methods, the students can be involved deeply in the learning process and made to research and come up with their own analysis which leads to a two-way learning that helps to sharpen their cognitive, reasoning and imaginative abilities.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
AREA OF STUDY
Kaduna North, often referred to as the pioneer local government, is a Local Government Area in Kaduna State, Nigeria. It is the capital of Kaduna State and its headquarters are in the town of Doka. It has an area of 70.2 km²
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitute of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried out to examine factors militating against girl-child education in Kaduna North , Kaduna state. Selected parents in Kaduna north, Kaduna State as the population of the study. The population size is the entire parents in Kaduna north local government area, Kaduna State.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS
Do you see any significant difference between parent’s supports for boy-child education as compared to their support of the girl-child education?
Respondent on factors militating against girl child.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
SUMMARY
In this study, our focus was to examine factors militating against girl-child education using Kaduna north local government as a case study. The study specifically was aimed at highlighting How parents support for boy-child education affects girl-child educational opportunities.Major factors responsible for un-equal opportunity in girl-child education. socio-cultural factor is used as a bases for un-equal opportunity in girl-child education. How religious factor is used as a bases for un-equal opportunity in girl-child education. How economic factors militate against girl-child education. How historical factor militate against girl-child education. The link between education and the girl-child in her home and the society. How Nigerian educational policy affects the girl-child education. The strategies that can be adopted to improve girl-child education The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 77 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent are drawn from selected parent in the selected communities in Kaduna north.
CONCLUSION
Based on the finding of this study, the following conclusions were made:
- Poverty is one of the factors militating against girl child education
- Unemployment of parents is one of the factors militating against girl child education
- Income level is one of the factors militating against girl child education
- Poor family background is one of the factors militating against girl child education
- Religious isolation is one of the factors militating against girl child education
- Early marriage and pregnancy is one of the factors militating against girl child education
RECOMMENDATION
Based on the responses obtained, the researcher proffers the following recommendations:
- Parent should be enlightened and encouraged on the importance of education for girl child
- Counseling services should be extended to non-school setting to help parents eradicate the notion or superstition of early marriage among their children especially the females.
- The government through the services of health education practitioners should constantly enlighten the parent and the public especially at the rural areas about the dangers of not sending their girl child to school.
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