The Effect of Reward and Punishment on the Academic Performance of Secondary School Students a Case Study of Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area of Edo State
CHAPTER ONE
Objective of Study
The main aims and objective why the writer is carrying out this research is simply to give more information about reward and punishment inn secondary schools learning in Ikpoba Okha Local Government in Edo State.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction
Education is the process of bringing desirable change into the behavior of human beings. It can also be defined as the process of imparting or acquiring knowledge or habits through instruction. Education, for any nation, whether developed or developing, is to help solve the problems that affect that nation. This is why according, is to National Policy on Education (FRN, 2004:4), “Government has stated that for the benefit of all citizens, the country’s educational goals shall be clearly set out in terms of their relevance to the needs of their relevance to the needs of the individual and those of the society, in consonance with the realities of our environment and the modern world”.
Therefore, many nations after political independence had to turn their attentions to nations building by looking up to education as the tool to this end hoping that what is did to the “great power” it can also do for them (Williams/1970, in Omede and Omede, 2004). Education is obviously known to be an indispensable tool for national development (FRN, 2004). For education to be potent and useful, it must have to be indigenized that is, designed according to the prevailing needs of that particular society.
This explains why Nigeria educational system had since independence gone through series of reviews to commend it to the prevailing needs of the society. Yusuf and yusuf (2009) noted that the first serious attempt at reforming the educational program of the country took place in 19659 through a curriculum conference that was held in Lagos, and that the conference‟ recommendations led to the first post independent educational policy, tailored to meet the local needs of the nation. From independence till; now, the national policy on education, the documents that serve as the “ten commandments” for the nation‟s educational practices had been reviewed for more than three time- 1977 (first draft),then revised in 1981, 1998 and 2004.
The revision is necessary but suggests one thing that our educational system is yet to meet the needs of the society satisfactorily and expected. There are glaring cases of underdevelopment due to lack of technological and industrial advancements, poor and inadequate infrastructural provision, unemployment as well as low and erratic electricity supply.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
In this chapter, we would describe how the study was carried out.
Research design
The study employs quantitative descriptive research design to examine the effect of reward and punishment on the academic performance of secondary school students.
Research settings
This study was carried out in Ikpoba Okha Local Government in Edo State.
Sources of Data
The data for this study were generated from two main sources; Primary sources and secondary sources. The primary sources include questionnaire, interviews and observation. The secondary sources include journals, bulletins, textbooks and the internet.
Population of the study
A study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitute of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description (Prince Udoyen: 2019). In this study the study population constitute of teachers, parents, administrators and members of the Parent Teachers Association of Peak Comprehensive High School; Queen Ede Secondary School; Golden Foundation Academy.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
Introduction
This chapter deals with research questions and treatment
Table 4.2 shows the questionnaire distribution to the selected schools. The survey shows in a succeeding manner that 20, 20, 60 questionnaires were given to teachers, parents and available PTA members of Peak Comprehensive High School; Queen Ede Secondary School; Golden Foundation Academy respectively.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to examine the effect of reward and punishment on the academic performance of secondary school students. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations are made, which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefit in addressing the challenges of the effects of the reward and punishment on the academic performance on secondary school students.
Summary
This study aimed at having a critical analysis of reward and punishment on the academic performance of secondary school students. The study opened with chapter one where the statement of the problem was clearly defined. The study objectives and research questions were defined and formulated respectively. The study reviewed related and relevant literatures. The chapter two gave the conceptual framework, empirical and theoretical studies. The third chapter described the methodology employed by the researcher in collecting both the primary and the secondary data. The research method employed here is the descriptive survey method. The study analyzed and presented the data collected in tables and percentages.
Conclusion and recommendations
The outcome of the study has clearly shown that there is a significant relationship between reward and punishment with academic performance of secondary school students. Also, from the study, we discover that both parents and teachers agree that punishment is a good measure of correcting the wrongdoing of students however, it should be balanced and not be at the extreme which could affect the academic performance of the students negatively.
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