Design and Implementation of Student Information System
Chapter One
AIM OF STUDY
The aim of this study is to design a student information system that will overcome or minimize the problem of paper works for Tolyfun schools.
OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The objectives of this project is to create a system that will perform the following.
- Record and reports of students will be easily retrieved with increased data security.
- There will be reduction for resources, which in turn will lower the cost of processing of student’s result, since information will be stored in a database with reduced data redundancy.
- School personnel can attend to many student without being over worked.
- There will be reduction in time used in retrieval of student’s files.
- Reduction in bulkiness of files and record.
- It will make available the storage room that was used for storage of files.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
The introduction of computer into information technology has massively improved the information need of organization; the success of this machine is dependent on the knowledge base. Therefore, one can be prompted to ask aloud “what is a computer?”. A computer is defined as an electronic device that can perform automatically and at a high speed a sequence of logical operations according to instructions given to it inform of a pre-arranged program. Anigbogu, S.D. (2000) defined a computer as an electronic device capable of accepting data and instructions, processing the data based on the instructions to generate result or output in such a manner that is yet to be equaled by any other known machine to human.
Similarly, Chimezie, F.O. (1990) defined it by saying that “computers are looked upon as obedient servants who are ever ready to free man from tedious procedures and produce results as compared with human computing time”. Olikwu, P. (1995) defined computer as a machine that is capable of accepting input data, store and process the data based on instructions given by the computer user and in this way produce expected results, generally called output.
These definitions of computer would lead us to answer the question “what is a program?” In his definition, Olikwu, P. (1995) defined a program as a sequence of instructions given to the computer to perform a specific operation. From Encarta Encyclopedia, computer program is a set of instructions that directs a computer perform some processing function or combination of functions.
This above definitions of computer clearly demonstrated the limitless area of operation of computer in as much as such task is programmable computer is applicable in virtually all areas of human endeavor ranging from Agriculture, education, business, sports, entertainment, medicine, constriction and military etc.
French, C.S. (1992) in his book titled “Computer Science” fourth edition, he relates the relevance of computer to management and stated “a company needs information in which to base decisions concerning the current operations and future plans. It requires the information to be timely and accurate”. He then cited the example of the use of computer in the area of management control to production and stated “production must be able to respond quickly to changes in demand and other circumstances to do so requires the provision of up to date information which is accurate and timely”.
French further stated “in virtually any job whether technical, business or professional, whether it is a banking, medicine, education etc. Computers are useful tools” and that “computers are tools with which we calculate, measure, assess, store, retrieve, regulate and monitor information. Hence, the blood and life wire of any system is information.
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
A typical system (Education, management etc.) cannot survive without good management information system (MIS).
Management information system (MIS) are information systems, typically computer-based that are used without an organization. The concept of management information system is a complex variable although there is probably no more challenging and diversified subject than management theory, system theory and computer science”
Computerization is a social process for proving access to and support for computer equipment to be used in activities such as teaching, accounting, writing, designing, circuits, file processing etc. Computerization entails social choices about the level of appropriate investment and control over equipment and expertise, as well as choices of equipment.
By the early 1990’s computing and telecommunications accounted for half of the capital investments made by private firms. However, the most fervent advocates of computerization have argued that the actual pace of computerization in schools, factories and homes is too slow.
Computer-based education includes both computer assisted instruction programs that interact with students in a dialogue and a broader array of educational computer applications such as simulations or instruction. In computer programming, there is major national push for extended application of computer-based education at educational levels. For example, in the mid-1980s private several colleges and universities required all their freshmen students to buy a specific kind of microcomputers, and other invested heavily in visions of “wired campus”.
Kling (1983), computer-based education has been promoted with two different underlying ideologies in all levels of education. Some educators argue that computer-based instructional approaches can help. Fulfill the traditional values of progressive education. The simulation of intellectual curiosity, initiative and democratic experience. For example, it has been noticed that computerized schools are qualitatively different from traditional schools. Students with microcomputers in their schools will be more stimulated to learn because they will have easy access to instructional materials and the more interesting problems to solve.
Because of the insatiable desire of students for more and more information at a higher level of complexity and more sophisticated level of utilization. An effective means of communication must be used and that can be achieved because computers can provide a unique vehicle for this transmission.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
Waterfall model was used as a methodology in designing the system and it is a system approach` to the analysis and design of information system. It involves the application of a sequence of analysis, documentation and design tasks concern with the analysis of the current system logical data design, logical process design, etc. The research methodology used helps to ensure that a thorough study of the present system is effectively carried out thus helping the researcher to completely understand the modus operandi of the present system so as to know how to the new system should be structured and the functionalities needed in it to address the seemingly existing problems discovered.
ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
Some secondary schools provide class rank and standardized scores on student results Even if your high school provides Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores and AP test scores on a report card, double-check the college application requirements. Colleges may require separate reporting of SAT and AP test scores for verification purposes.
Mainly the process involves in processing of results is a very manual process, that involves movement of files from one location to another, and endless waiting for the authorization of the result, the crude process starts from marking of exam sheets, grading and then recording of these scores.
Some problems that were inherent in the existing system were observed and there are listed below as follows:
- Monotonous storage of record
- Bulkiness and heaviness of files
- Misplacement of student grade record due to negligence on the part of workers.
- Slow and strenuous retrieval of records and report of students.
- The system is not cost effective
- Inaccurate diagnoses due to wrong record keeping
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM TESTING AND IMPLEMENTATION
INTRODUCTION
System testing and implementation is the last step in software development. It involves a process of putting into action, a formulated plan. Before implementation, plans must have been completed and objectives must be clear.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
SUMMARY
In the course of my Project Research, I find out that a computerized student information system makes it more convenient, efficient and produces an accurate management generally in all schools. This is opposed to the manual method, which is stressful, time consuming prone to mistakes due to human nature and inconvenient. This will not only facilitate information processing in the school, but will go a long way in improving the overall general service of the schools, since information department is the pillar post of the schools
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, haven carried out a detailed and comprehensive research on schools, there by laying down the problems that this school faces as regards to managing of student’s information which in essence is the most paramount need of schools, a system was design which encompasses and counteract many of this problems that was observed on the old system, hence all schools is now been advice to make use of this valuable tool to improve to a great extent, the information requirement of this information which in essence will improve efficiency.
RECOMMENDATION
Having seen the usefulness of an automated report card generating system to school, I recommend the following to the schools, stipulated below as follows:
- They should computerize all the classes in the school, to ensure easy flow of information in the schools.
- They should ensure that all the teachers and staffs of the user department are adequately trained to ensure smooth implementation of the new system.
- Even after computerization of the whole department, they ensure that all the system are linked to one central local network, protected with high security measures
- Formulation and development of policy guidelines on the use of information, data collection.
REFERENCES
- Aminu J (1986). Quality and Stress in Nigerian Education. Retrieved from https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.186/44674668 on June 16, 2018.
- Anigbogu, S. O. (2000). Computer application and operation. Retrieved from https://www.estraallamountain.edu/programs/computer-applications-technology on June 19, 2018
- Chimezie, F.O. (1990). The Quality and Depth of Customers Relationship. Retrieved from https://tutcris.tut.fi/portal/files/1300584/seols.pdf on June 13, 2018
- Olikwu, P. (1995). The Cost of Quality in Service Oriented Companies. Retrieved from https://www.academiu.edu/24038314 on June 17, 2018
- French, C.S. (1992). Computer Science. Retrieved from https://www.abebooks.co.uk/book-search/title/computer-science-computing-textbooks/author/c-s-frence on May 27, 2018
- George B (2017), The history of Management Information Systems. Retrieved from https://bizfluent.com/about/5444925-history-management-information-systems.html on July 1, 2018
- Ekwere C.E. (1990). Evaluation of Management Information System in Universities. Retrieved from https://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1379594943_Ajayi%2520and%2520Fadeyemi.pdf on June 19, 2018
