Design and Implementation of an Online Shopping System (a Case Study of Mahadi Mega Shops, Kaduna)
Chapter One
Aims and Objectives
The aim of this project is to design and implement an Online Shopping System. The objectives are:
- To identify the requirements of the system by conducting a system analysis.
- To design the proposed system based on the identified requirements.
- To implement the online shopping system.
- To test the online shopping system.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction
This chapter gives an insight into online shopping. From its background, history, evolution, and related works of online shopping.
Background of the Study
Online Shopping is a concept that is growing more and more every day, almost every person that has surfed the web before must have come across the word “Online shopping” or “Online store” at some point. From the words, one can have an idea of what it’s all about but let us take a good look.
Online shopping is a form of e-commerce (electronic commerce) that allows people to directly purchase items from sellers over the internet using a web browser. This brings us to the term “e-commerce”. What does it mean?
E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the conducting of business activities (e.g., distribution, buying, selling, marketing, and servicing of products or services) electronically over computer networks
History and Evolution of Online Shopping
Online shopping was first introduced in the year 1979 by English entrepreneur Michael Aldrich, before the advent of the internet and the World Wide Web. He was working with Redifon Computers, which was part of the United Kingdom Rediffusion Group of companies. The company was based in Crawley in Southern England. It manufactured minicomputers and designed systems for companies including Inland Revenue, British Aerospace, and Harrods. At the time, Michael Aldrich was the Board Director in charge of marketing and he became CEO on August 1st, 1980.
One day in the summer of 1979, he was walking with my wife and wishing that they could avoid the boring weekly shopping expedition. He then suddenly remembered a modified television that had been sent to their company for evaluation. The television contained a chipset with a chip modem, a character generator, and an auto-dialer that could hold four telephone numbers. He thought about hooking it up to the supermarket and getting the supermarket to deliver the groceries.
Michael Aldrich then created a system with the modified television, Prestel (press the television), using Videotex technology. The Videotex technology was based on connecting a modified domestic television via a telephone line to a real-time multiuser transaction processing computer. This first led to business-to-business online shopping such as for holiday travel, vehicle and spare parts, sales, loan finance, and credit ratings. Finally, in 1984, Michael Aldrich’s idea of home shopping came to fruition in the north of the English city of Gateshead, whereby customers in the city had access to the machine in the social center attached to their housing or in their homes.
Later on, in 1990, Tim Berners-Lee created the first world wide web server and browser, which opened in the year 1991 for commercial use. After the creation of the world wide web, subsequent technological innovations emerged in 1994. These included online banking, the opening of an online pizza shop by Pizza Hut, and Intershop’s first online shopping system. The first secure retail transaction over the web was either by NetMarket or Internet Shopping Network, which were both online markets, in 1994. Then immediately after, amazon.com and eBay both launched their online shopping sites in 1995, with the former launching first. Alibaba’s sites on Taobao and Tmall were launched in 2003 and 2008, respectively.
Today, online shopping is practiced all over the globe with numerous websites for one to choose from. Popular online stores in the world today include Amazon, eBay, Alibaba, Walmart, Bestbuy, Target, etcetera. Popular online stores visited by Nigerians include Jumia, Konga, DealDey, etcetera
Review of Related Works
Usman (2013) presented research that aim is to develop an online shopping website for the firm, Velcroz Designs and Couture, which would enable users to view Velcroz products, see their prices, and order for the products online, based on cash on delivery payment method. The methodology used in the research is interview and observation. Future works include Implementing payment using a debit card, implementing a discount code for regular customers, and Adding a module to enable customers to rate and comment on products
Shreetoma and Kamakshi (2014) presented research that developed an online shopping site to manage the items in the shop and also help customers purchase them online without having to visit the shop physically. The internet was used as the sole method for selling goods to its consumers. Shopping will be highly personalized and the mall will provide lower prices than most competitors. The methodology used in developing the project was the prototyping model, it was implemented using .NET C# and MYSQL as the entity framework.
Shibin et al. (2014) presented research that aim is to deliver the online shopping application into an android platform, it is an attempt to provide the advantages of online shopping to customers of a real shop. It helps buy the products in the shop anywhere on the internet by using an android device. The Methodology used was the Iterative and Incremental models. HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT, and android were used in developing the application
ResearchClue (2015) presented research that aimed at implementing an online shopping cart system for a mobile phone that will exclusively display goods and services in the store and automate every sale effectively. The methodology of the work relies on experiences and case studies, the application was implemented on a relational database system (MySQL). Html, CSS, and JavaScript were used to design the interface, PHP was used to link the interface and the database, and Ajax technology for automation of the cart system. This research work was undertaken to solve the various challenges encountered in showcasing and delivering goods and services to different clients around the globe.
Mehadi (2016) presented research that aims to develop a basic website where the consumer is provided with a shopping cart application when shopping online. The Methodology used was the waterfall model. HTML, CSS, JAVA Script, server-side scripting language PHP, and relational database MySQL were used in developing the application. Future works include developing the project in such a way that credit card validation will be added, and the administrator of the website can be given more functionalities such as looking for a specific customer and generating invoices.
Ram (2016) presented research to help the ongoing user attain an easy way to navigate the customer details and solve offline store problems. It is basically a very instant processing System by which customers can get the product at the right time. The methodology used is Waterfall Model. It’s basically built in the platform of Php & Html which makes the application quite flexible and easy to be operated.
Table 2.1 shows the related works of the system
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Introduction
This chapter describe how the proposed system was analyzed, the design, the software development lifecycle that is being used, and the analysis of the requirement of the system as well as the description of how the system function.
Approach of the Development of Online Shopping System.
Waterfall Model is the system development life cycle (SDLC) that is being chosen for the development of the Online shopping system. The model is being selected because a usable product is being released at the end of each cycle, with each release providing additional functionality. In this model Customers and developers specify as many requirements as possible and prepare a System Requirement Specification (SRS) document, Customers and developers then prioritized this requirement and Developers implement the specified requirements in one or more cycles of design, implementation, and test based on the defined priorities. The progress of the system development in the waterfall model is constantly quantifiable, since the project phase is sequential in nature, the development process is always strictly controlled. This ensures that the project is delivered in an accurate shape. The waterfalls model does not require a high expertise developer, hence, a lesser expertise developer can easily get used to the system (ISTQB, 2015).
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING
Introduction
This chapter discussed the possible requirements needed for the system implementation such as hardware, software, and testing of the program and screen snapshots of the interfaces.
System Implementation
This refers to the actualization of the design into a working system that fulfills the requirements arrived at the last stage of the system development which involves the conversion of the system requirement into an executable system (Aggarwal, et al, 2007).
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
This chapter presents a brief summary of the project followed by a conclusion drawn from the project. It also offers some recommendations based on the analysis conducted and the literature reviewed.
Summary
The business-to-consumer aspect of electronic commerce (e-commerce) is the most visible Business use of the World Wide Web. The primary goal of an Online shopping system is to sell goods and services online. This project deals with developing an e-commerce website for online shopping. It provides the user with a catalog of different products available for purchase in the store. This is a project with the objective of designing and implementing an Online Shopping System by identifying the requirements of the system and conducting a system analysis which leads to the designing of the proposed system based on the identified requirements. In the process of carrying out this project, the software development life cycle model that was adopted is Waterfall. The primary sources of data were Observation and interviews and also secondary sources such as reviews of past records, books, and journals. Use case diagram was used to depict the functional requirements of the system, the system was modeled using a sequence diagram and activity diagram. The system was implemented using a 3-tier approach, with a backend MySQL database, a middle tier apache server, and a web browser as the front-end client. In order to develop online shopping application use HTML, CSS, JAVA Script, server-side scripting language PHP, and relational database MySQL. This is a project with the objective of designing and implementing an Online Shopping System by identifying the requirements of the system and conducting a system analysis which leads to the designing of the proposed system based on the identified requirements. In the process of carrying out this project, the software development life cycle model that was adopted is Waterfall. The primary sources of data were Observation and interviews and also secondary sources such as reviews of past records, books, and journals. Use case diagram was used to depict the functional requirements of the system, the system was modeled using a sequence diagram and activity diagram.
Conclusion
The project entitled Design and Implementation of an Online Shopping System were completed successfully.
The system has been developed with much care and at the same time, it is efficient and less time-consuming. The purpose of this project was to develop a website for purchasing items from a shop. This project helped us in gaining valuable information and practical knowledge on several topics like designing web pages using HTML & CSS, usage of responsive templates, and management of databases using MySQL. The entire system is secured. Also, the project helped us understand the development phases of a project and the software development life cycle. We learned how to test different features of a project.
This project has given us great satisfaction in having designed a website that can be implemented in any nearby shops or branded shops selling various kinds of products with simple modifications.
Recommendations
Initially the system intended to cover more aspects of online shopping, but due to limited time, the scope was limited to just a few functionalities. Therefore, I suggest the following recommendations:
- I recommend a 1-click ordering method; this method works when you place your first order and enter a payment method and shipping address, 1-Click ordering is automatically enabled. When you click Buy now with 1-Clickon any product page, your order will be automatically charged to the payment method and shipped to the address associated with your 1-Click settings.
- Providing moderatorsmore control over products so that each moderator can maintain their own products.
- Another recommendation is in providing classes for customers so that different offers can be given to each class. The systemmay keep track of the history of purchases of each customer and provide suggestions based on their history.
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